Resistencia de Escherichia Coli frente a antibioticos en niños con SDA Bacteriano, atenidos en el HPAVR de Riobamba provincia de Chimborazo en el año 2014

Abstract

The resistance of Eschericha coli to antibiotics was determined in children with bacterial acute diarrheal syndrome (ADD), attended at the Alfonso Villagómez Román Pediatric Hospital. A total of 1924 diarrheal samples were examined to determine the etiology. Subsequently, stool cultures were taken from the samples of the children with the most severe bacterial diarrheal syndrome, for which seeding was performed in a selective enrichment broth of tetrathionate, The microorganisms were isolated in Blood Agar and MacConkey Agar, the bacteria were identified by means of a battery of biochemical tests and antibiotic susceptibility was determined by means of paper disks impregnated with antibiotics, measuring the diameter of the halo. It was determined that the main causes of SDA are infections 51% by Rotavirus and 29% by bacteria. Eighty-five percent of the diarrheal samples of infectious origin had mucus and 4% macroscopic blood. Escherichia coli accounted for 95.1% of the bacteria identified; it showed 64.9% resistance to sulfathrimethoprim, plus 40% to penicillins + IBL, 29.9% to cephalosporins, but 83.% sensitivity to amikacin. Escherichia coli presents 32.5% multiresistance to antibiotics, which does not depend on the age of the children. It is concluded that Escherichia coli presents an important multi-resistance to antibiotics, making appropriate treatment difficult; it is advisable to perform a stool culture in diarrheal samples of infectious type to guide treatment and avoid the development of bacterial resistance.