Construcción de una impresora 3D para la elaboración de objetos plásticos utilizando el método de modelado por deposición fundida (MDF)

Abstract

A 3D printer was designed and built. This printer uses the technology FMD (Fused Deposition Modelling) in order to reproduce volumetric objects modelled using the CAD software. This proposed printer will allow us to create 3D physical models in less time, simple manner and with a high quality. This machine has three movement mechanisms (X, Y, Z) and an extrusion mechanism. The mechanical structure of the Cartesian system of movement (coreXY) was built with four 2.5 cm aluminum boards thickness. These boards were placed in pairs and in a parallel way with a heading system, thorough which a part that serves as a support for the extrusion mechanism, moves. This piece of 50 x 40 cm lies on a MDF wooden structure. This structure has 1.5 cm of thickness and 40 cm of height. It also contains the screws and the machines which form the movement system of rise and fall of the printing platform in the Z axis. The printer is controlled by an Arduino board plus a V 1.4 Ramps board plus A4988 drivers. This board allows us the interpretation of the G codes which describe the trajectory of the axis movements. It can be concluded that the details of the printed objects varies in a reverse proportion in relation to the height of the layer as well as a 40% of filling density and a pattern of a honeycomb a great mechanical resistance can be obtained, as well as an acceptable printing speed and good details.