Diseño de un sistema de códigos para personas daltónicas en espacios físicos internos: Centro Comercial de Riobamba

Abstract

Design of a symbolic visuals codes system in order to provide the identification of colors for color blind people, getting information of real objects in their environment and take a decision. The methods were: deductive, identifies the sample and the test application for colorblind people; analytical, investigates geometric and symbolic shapes to relate colors; inductive, analyzes the experience of colorblind people in their environment and relate them to the systems codes. Also techniques were applied: the public observation, associative to geometric shapes, symbols, colors, perception and surveys to determine the code. It was used: computer, photographic camera, software: Illustrator, Photoshop and Microsoft word. We were working with a sample of 68 people (18-30 years old), seven are colorblind, and represent the 10% of the sample, to this was applied a survey to identify shapes, which are essential to design the chromatic white and black system. Two sets of codes was proposed, the system one relates color, geometric shapes, symbols and number two system adds geometric shapes. The target audience evaluated the proposals under parameters: readability of shapes, color-shape relation, location and orientation, with 65% choosing the number one system. To validate the system code number one in objects, a survey was applied to the focus group: seven colorblind, four graphic designs, four ophthalmologists, evaluating the efficient level (100%), visual impact (78%), legibility (80%), acceptability (73%), giving positive results. The design of visuals codes system provides the objects identification and makes decisions.