Estudio de la actividad fotoprotectora in Vitro de extractos de Aliso (Alnus acuminata) con distinta polaridad.

Abstract

The objective of this investigation was to determine the photoprotective activity of Aliso (Alnus acuminata) through studies, "in vitro" using solvents of different polarity, the same as they were developed in the laboratory of natural products and in the laboratory, for environmental microbiology the Polytechnic School of Chimborazo to develop a fitocosmético product that prevents skin degeneration due to UV radiation. Extracts and sub-extracts Q 1.89 (Hexane) Q 4.34 (Ethyl ether) were performed, Q 6.02 (Ethyl acetate), Q 14.0 (ethyl acetate + ethanol), Q18 (Ethyl acetate + ethanol) Q 24.3 (Ethanol) and Q78.3 (Water) thereof were evaluated by UV-visible spectrum at a concentration of 20 ppm in the range 200 to 400 nm, then by TLC phenolic compounds were identified as quercetin which was compared with the standard and the ferulic acid by its Rf. Subsequently the photoresist effect on cell death was determined; in Escherichia coli, induced by UV rays for 30 minutes, to sub-extracts Q 6.02, Q14.0 and Q 78.3, the FPS further analyzed spectroscopically by applying the equation of Mansour. Resulting, that: Q 6.02 sub-extracts, Q 14.0 and Q 78.3 have the most pronounced peaks and the surviving colonies were 3.6x10 7 UFC; 3.2x10 7 UFC and 1.6x10 7 UFC respectively, and the SPF (Sun Protection Factor) of the three sub-extracts were 13.27; 9.75 and 8.29 compared to a commercial photoresist PABA obtained 12.37 therefore it is demonstrated that the best sub-extract, which has photoprotective activity using in vitro techniques is Q 6.02 (Ethyl acetate), because it had the highest number of surviving bacteria and the FPS was 13.27, so it is recommended that the sub-extract be applied on the cosmetics industry.