Actividad hipoglucemiante del extracto de las hojas de Oreocallis Grandiflora en ratas (Rattus Norvegicus) por inhibición de alfa-amilasa

Abstract

The hypoglycemic activity of Oreocallis grandiflora leaf extract was evaluated in rats (Rattus norvegicus) by inhibition of alpha-amylase, carried out in the Biotherium of the Biochemistry and Pharmacy School of the Faculty of Sciences of the Polytechnic School of Chimborazo. Spectrophotometric analytical techniques were applied to estimate the amount of total flavonoids; extraction methods to purify the active components, preparation of the aqueous extract for administration. In a period of 30 days, the aqueous extract was evaluated in 6 groups of 5 male rats: white group, no substance was administered; negative control group, administration only starch 2g/kg b.w.; positive control group, starch 2g/kg and acarbose 50 mg/kg b.w.; low concentration group, starch solution and 0. 02 mg/mL of the extract; medium concentration group, starch solution and 0.04 mg/mL of the extract; and high concentration group, starch solution and 0.08 mg/mL of the extract. Samples for glucose measurement were taken at day intervals (day 1, 5, 15 and 30) and on each day were measured at set times at 30, 60, 90 and 120 minutes after administration of the substrates; cholesterol and triglyceride levels were measured at time intervals (day 1, 5, 15 and 30). The pharmacological action starts to occur from a concentration of 0.04 mg/mL, and at a concentration of 0.08 mg/mL its pharmacological action is similar to that of the drug on the market (Acarbose). It did not present acute toxicity levels, this could be verified by means of an analysis of the pharmacokinetic organs involved (stomach, liver and kidney). In conclusion, the pharmacological action of Oreocallis grandiflora extract on blood glucose lowering is effective and safe, because it does not produce any toxicity at different concentrations. It is recommended to be able to give a pharmaceutical form of the extract with further industrialization criteria, especially for patients suffering from Diabetes mellitus type 2.