Diseño de una planta potabilizadora de agua en el barrio San Vicente Ferrer de la parroquia Yaruquies del cantón Riobamba, provincia de Chimborazo

Abstract

The objective of this research is to provide the design of a water treatment plant in the San Vicente Ferrer neighborhood of the Yaruquíes parish of the Riobamba canton, Chimborazo province, in order to control and improve the quality of the water. Water samples were taken systematically during four weeks at the water supply source, storage tank and home. Physical-chemical and microbiological analyses were carried out using methods and techniques based on Standard Methods, Hach Methods and Membrane Filter for Fecal and Total Coliforms in the Water and Microbiology Laboratory of the Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, using equipment and materials depending on the parameter to be determined; high values were obtained for nitrites (0.005mg/L), phosphates (0.51mg/L) and hardness (320mg/L). The design was based on engineering calculations, with a projected useful life of 20 years; the system will consist of six stages in the purification process: grids, aeration of trays, sand trap, softening, slow sand filtration, and disinfection. From the results obtained in the physical-chemical characterization, parameters outside the permissible limits were found. The design of the drinking water treatment plant allows correcting the present problems, reducing the high values of nitrites, phosphates and hardness, obtaining drinking water that complies with Ecuadorian Technical Standard INEN 1108: 2010. It is recommended that the Water Administration Board of the San Vicente Ferrer Neighborhood, located in the Yaruquíes Parish, apply the study to supply the residents with quality drinking water.