Diseño de un biodigestor de polietileno para la obtención de biogás a partir del estiércol de ganado en el Rancho Verónica

Abstract

This research consists of designing a polyethylene biodigester to obtain biogas from cattle manure at the Verónica ranch, located in the Nuevo Paraíso parish in the province of Orellana. The sizing of the equipment is done through the construction of a pilot scale biodigester using the quantitative method to determine the main components of the design, the materials used for the prototype are: 60 liter plastic canister, ½ inch PVC pipe, gas conduction hose, stopcock and accessories according to the requirement of the connections, its main features are the biodigestion chamber where the organic material is deposited, gas conduction pipe and a handmade pressure valve. The design uses a safety factor of 5%, retention time of 40 days, obtaining a result of 4849 liters of capacity, 1.54m in height and 2m in diameter, these dimensions are adjusted to existing tanks in the market, the design is composed of 4 plastigama tanks of 5000 liters, consisting of a biogas conduction line, drainage pipes and pressure relief valves, and a biofertilizer storage tank. It is concluded that the estimated retention time for the production of biogas and biofertilizer according to the prototype is 40 days, which guarantees the functionality of the design and the generation of anaerobic digestion products for the Veronica ranch. It is recommended that the owner of the ranch apply this project as a viable alternative for the adequate management of organic waste and environmental protection, avoiding the excessive accumulation of manure.