Diseño e implementación de un PTAR para lodos activos a escala de laboratorio, Facultad de Ciencias ESPOCH

Abstract

The research is the Design and Implementation of a Wastewater Treatment Plant by Active Sludge at Laboratory Scale at the Faculty of Sciences - Polytechnic School of Chimborazo. The research-experimental method was used, which consisted of: review of several works carried out under similar conditions, sampling at the Llin Llin Pucará cheese factory - Canton Colta using point sampling, physical, chemical and microbiological characterization of the wastewater, elaboration of previous calculations, construction, treatment and actual calculations. The construction material used for the plant at laboratory scale was polycarbonate, the dimensions have been taken considering 12% of those obtained in previous calculations, the plant has three tanks: reservoir, aeration and sedimentation of dimensions 50cm x 50cm x 75 cm and two tanks: storage of treated water and sludge with dimensions 50cm x 50cm x 50cm x 50cm. The sedimentation tank has an inclination of 20%. The treatment started using different hydraulic retention times (72-60-48-36-24-12-12-8-4 hours) for each sample and 11 days of cell retention. As a result of the treatment, the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) was removed from an initial value of 28300 mg/L to 350 mg/L in a hydraulic retention time of 4 hours. It is concluded that the biological treatment carried out in the plant at laboratory scale is satisfactory, presenting an efficiency of 98% for cheese factory wastewater. Strict control of pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, sedimentable, suspended and volatile solids is recommended to ensure adequate treatment and reduce the biochemical oxygen demand considerably.