Diseño de una planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales para el centro poblado de la parroquia Tiputini del cantón Aguarico en la provincia de Orellana

Abstract

In this research, the design of a wastewater treatment plant for the wastewater generated by the Tiputini town center in the Aguarico Canton of the Orellana Province was carried out. The research was carried out using the descriptive and quantitative method, resulting in the physical, chemical and microbiological characterization of the wastewater, which was done through a simple and composite sampling, using amber containers and sterile flasks, gloves, mask, cooler, labels; analyzing parameters of Hydrogen Potential (7. 23), Fecal Coliforms (2.14*107 CFU), Suspended Solids (120.2 mg/L), Total Solids (808.71 mg/L), Sedimentable Solids (34 mg/L), Sulfates (9. 5 mg/L), Nitrites (0.03 mg/L), Nitrates (8.73 mg/L), Phosphates (7.84 mg/L), COD (436.05 mg/L), BOD5 (244.4 mg/L), Oils and Fats (12.72 mg/L) and Surfactants (5.36 mg/L). The volumetric method yielded an average design flow of 117,465m3/day. The selection of the treatment system was made according to the technical recommendations for small populations and knowing the degree of pollutant load of the influent, choosing for the design an inlet channel, Parshall flume, grids, sand trap, drying bed and artificial subsurface flow lagoon. The dimensions for the treatment units are as follows: The arrival channel of dimensions: L= 1.5m, A= 0.5m h= 0.61m; Grate: Lgrid= 0.74m, evarilla= 12mm, nvarillas= 14; Parshall Channel: L= 1.52m, W= 0.15m, A= 0.39, h= 0.62m; Desander: L= 2.5m, A= 0.7m, h= 0.7 - 0.8m, Drying beds (4 units): L= 2.5m, W= 1.83m, h= 0.6-1m; Artificial Lagoon (2): L= 43.62m, W= 21.75m, h= 0.7 - 0.9m. The lagoon is designed for 20 years and has a pollutant load removal efficiency of 85%. It is recommended that the Municipal Government of Canton Aguarico implement the treatment plant in order to mitigate the environmental impact of wastewater.