Estudio de la Viabilidad de Crecimiento del Hongo Pleurotus ostreatus Aplicado en Inóculo Líquido para Uso en Biorremediación

Abstract

The study of the viability of growth of the Pleurotus ostreatus fungus applied in liquid inoculum for use in bioremediation was carried out at LABCESTTA, Riobamba, testing liquid substrates for its growth and choosing the one with the best characteristics for mycelium development and using this inoculum in bioremediation. The research was experimental; testing 9 substrates or culture media called Oats, Barley, Rice, Yeast Extract, Wheat, Panela from the rejection of these cereals (bran), chosen for their low cost and easy acquisition, testing compositions and concentrations. Temperature and natural illumination had no major repercussion on mycelium development, with respect to the time of permanence in the substrate and the amount of biomass obtained, the values were very varied, reaching mycelium in liquid substrate confirming the growth with the formation of pellets in only six days (25.97 g/l) in comparison with other substrates where after 27 days the expected consistency for application in bioremediation processes was not obtained. For the bioremediation trials, two treatment variants were carried out, Treatment 1 (T1) and Treatment 2 (T2) with their respective targets used as controls (natural attenuation), the treatments differed in that the first was subjected to a sterilization process to demonstrate the bioremediation action of the Pleurotus ostreatus fungus regardless of the results. The treatments were controlled by means of physical-chemical analysis of pH, Temperature, Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons "TPH", Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons "PAH", Cadmium, Nickel, Lead. A reduction of petroleum hydrocarbons was obtained in treatments T1 U1 with 90% efficiency, T1 U2 88%, T1 U3 92%, T2 U1 91%, T2 U2 87%, T2 U3 97%, parameters whose values are within the norm.