Estudio de la Parte Alta de la Microcuenca del Río Mocha, Parroquia San Andrés - Guano - Chimborazo 2012

Abstract

The study of the upper part of the Mocha River micro-watershed was carried out in the foothills of Chimborazo from 4271 meters above sea level in the Tigre Saltana sector to 3891 meters above sea level in the Dique de las Abras sector, belonging to the San Andres Parish, Canton Guano, Province of Chimborazo. The present research was carried out using the descriptive method, which allowed us to perform the Baseline Survey of this micro-watershed, determining the environmental, biotic factors such as flora and fauna through direct observation and the Canfield Linear Method, abiotic by determining the quality of the water through physical, chemical and microbiological analyses in the Laboratory of the Micro-watershed of Chimborazo Province, abiotic by determining water quality through physical, chemical and microbiological analyses in the Technical Analysis Laboratory of the Faculty of Sciences of ESPOCH, flow measurements using a reel flow meter, meteorological data through a portable station, and socioeconomic data obtained through surveys and interviews with landowners in the Mocha River micro-watershed. The results obtained in this study are as follows: Obtaining in flow an average of 67.88 m3/s, and in water quality a WQI of 71.75 at the initial point and 64.34 at the final point, precipitation as a final result 207.86 mm of precipitation, in temperature a range of 4.45 and 10.07 ºC. Based on the Impact Identification Matrix, which yielded a score of 37, the Environmental Management Plan for the micro-watershed was drawn up, consisting of 4 programs, each with their respective objectives, goals and activities. The Environmental Management Plan for the upper part of the Mocha River micro-watershed will serve to minimize the negative impacts that affect it and may cause irreversible damage over time. A complete water analysis is recommended, as well as a more in-depth study of flora and fauna because of the large number of species in the area, some of which are in danger of extinction.