Diseño y construcción de un banco didáctico para el control de cambio de marchas de una transmisión manual para el taller de la Escuela de Ingeniería Automotriz.

Abstract

A gearshift didactic bench has been designed and constructed for the Automotive Engineering School workshop in order to improve the teaching learning process. By using this simulator, the students will be able to do gear changes at ideal revolutions per minute to facilitate optimal engine and transmission performance. A vehicle which has a 4 cylinder engine with 1400 cubic centimeter capacity, and a five speed manual transmission plus reverse gear was purchased. This vehicle was subject of a maintenance process so that it works in a more efficient way. Besides that, two sensors were adapted. One of them was connected to the negative pole of the coil in which the revolutions per minute were signaled, and the other sensor was connected to the gearshift box speedometer to measure speed. By comparing these two signals, a digital system to suggest gear change was elaborated. It permits maintain the engine and transmission performing at ideal regimes. Safety regulations, good operation and preventive maintenance were considered to optimize the use of this didactic bench for which useful handbooks their respective laboratory guides were also elaborated. The construction of such didactic bench gives the possibility to test the engine performance as a whole along with its gearshift box under normal conditions; this tool allows students to do their mechanics as well as their electronic practices in a better way enlightening their technical preparation. It is recommended to take into account the didactic bench maintenance and safety instructions for students' sake and for a long lasting equipment life.