Determinación de Microalbuminuria en Pacientes Diabéticos como Ayuda en el Diagnóstico de Nefropatía Diabética Realizado en el Hospital Provincial General Docente Riobamba

Abstract

The determination of microalbuminuria as a diagnostic aid of diabetic nephropathy in patients of the Diabetic Club of the General Teaching Hospital of Riobamba, aims to determine the incidence of this pathology in order to know the renal function. Diabetes is a public health problem worldwide, due to its high prevalence and high mortality rates due to the serious complications caused by its lack of control, among which is diabetic nephropathy. The presence of microalbuminuria in urine is a characteristic clinical sign of incipient nephropathy, this alteration is frequently present in diabetic patients. The Deductive-Inductive method was used with an analytical-synthetic procedure to determine the presence of microalbuminuria in 44 patients with DM2, male and female, aged between 40 and 90 years, using the urine sample and for the detection with the help of test strips. Of the 44 patients with type II diabetes mellitus, a high percentage (80%) have microalbuminuria, which means that they will continue with renal damage if they do not continue with the appropriate treatment, while 80% of diabetic patients with microalbuminuria have Glycosylated Hemoglobin greater than the reference values (6.5%), that is, the patients do not follow the indicated diet and 17% of diabetic patients have Glycosylated Hemoglobin greater than 6.5% but do not have microalbuminuria. The clinical laboratory is of diagnostic help for the medical area since by means of studies the type of treatment to be administered to the patient will be established as well as the follow-up of the same, suggesting that the microalbuminuria test be performed as a routine examination in diabetic patients, with the purpose of improving their quality of life since the test is not costly.