Diseño y construcción de un descascarador de cebada y trigo

Abstract

To design and build a barley and wheat huller to be used in the Process Laboratory of the Faculty of Sciences of the Polytechnic School of Chimborazo. The methods used are: Deductive Method determines the type of huller, hulling yield 90-95%, Inductive Method through observation carried out in a quinoa scarifier determines the number of paddles and lower speed of hulling to improve efficiency, Experimental Method verifies how efficient the huller is through tests of husk content and percentage of broken grains. In the design of the equipment, the process is first simulated in similar machines and in a simulator to obtain the relevant variables, then engineering calculations are made for its sizing. Taking this as a reference, the main elements of the machine are selected: transmission system consisting of a special V-belt A71, bearing with a 0.025 m diameter bearing, a 1hp electric motor, rpm 1740, a 12" driven pulley, a 2.5" driving pulley and the husking chamber: formed by an AISI 4140 steel shaft of 1" diameter, eight paddles, a mesh with a 3 mm perforation. The results obtained are: optimum hulling time 4 min for 0.454 kg, moisture range: malt barley (11.5-14%), domestic barley (11.3-13.8%), wheat (8.9-13%). It is concluded that the constructed machine complies with the following: 97% yield, easy assembly, quality materials and mechanical elements accessible in the national or local market, sufficient safety level in order to preserve people and goods. It is recommended to comply with the preventive maintenance program to extend the useful life of the machine and avoid damage to the most valuable resource, the human being.