Diseño y Construcción de un Reactor Batch para la Obtención por Transesterificación de Biodiesel a Partir de Aceite de Cocina Reciclado

Abstract

The objective of this study: To design and build a Batch Reactor for the production of Biodiesel by Transesterification from Used Vegetable Oils, which will help the learning of environmental sciences in the Faculty of Sciences of the Superior School of Chimborazo. The sizing of the equipment was carried out based on laboratory tests in which, by varying the parameters involved in the process, the following operating conditions were established: Temperature 55 C, 0.035 % catalyst and 20% alcohol. Calculations were performed to determine the volumes of the boiling chamber, heating, power and characteristics of the agitation system. According to this, the reactor is a double jacket Batch type, heated by dry steam and controlled by an electrovalve; having a total capacity of 40 L, a nominal height of 57 cm. diameter of 35 cm. and motor power for agitation of 0.6 Hp; using 304 stainless steel for the whole structure. The equipment allows obtaining biofuel (biodiesel) with a yield of 75% in volume and favorable characteristics for use in an internal combustion engine in a B20 mixture (biodiesel 20% _ 80% diesel) according to the established ASTM standard. Becoming a fundamental didactic and practical equipment in the learning and development of the student community of our Faculty.