Estudio de la composición química del tónico amargo de la corteza de quina roja (Cinchona pubescens)

Abstract

The study of the chemical composition of the Amargo Tonic of Quina Roja (Cinchona pubescens) was carried out at the Phytochemistry Laboratory of the Faculty of Sciences of the Polytechnic School of Chimborazo. The experimental methodology used was the isolation of alkaloids and flavonoids from the preparation of the ethanolic extract by maceration and fractionation into chloroformic, butanolic and basified chloroformic subextracts, by means of thin layer chromatography and phytochemical screening, yielding flavonoids and alkaloids. As a result it was determined that in the chloroformic subextract (I) treated with ether (I.3.1) ran with chloroform: diethylamine (90:10) and developed H2SO4 10% we determined the presence of Quinidine and Quinine. The alkaloidal chloroformic subextract II run on GF254 silica gel plates with chloroform: diethylamine (90:10) and H2SO4 10% developer determined the presence of Cinchonin and Cinchonidine. The ethanolic subextract (III) run with ethyl acetate: formic acid: glacial acetic acid: water (100:11:11:26) and revealed CeSO4 we determined the presence of Apigenin and Kaempferol. The butanolic subextract (I.V) treated with ethyl acetate (IV.2) run with ethyl acetate: formic acid: glacial acetic acid: water (100:11:11:11:26) and revealed CeSO4 determined the presence of Kaempferol; uercetin and Apigenin. It is concluded that the process is valid to verify in its composition alkaloids and flavonoids which have therapeutic effects. It is recommended that further research be conducted to further deepen the benefits that can infuse the various molecules from the red cinchona.