Análisis de la Concentración de Contaminantes SO2 y BTX Usando Sensores Pasivos

Abstract

The pollutants SO2, NO2 and BTX were analyzed, using passive sensors in order to know the levels of air pollution and obtain data necessary for the final implementation of an atmospheric monitoring network, which will serve the Municipality of Riobamba to take appropriate actions and seek to reduce environmental pollution. The measurements were taken during the period February 2008 - April 2009. Six strategic points were installed as stations in the sectors of (AME) North, (La Merced) Center, (EMAPAR) South of the city of Riobamba, Gatazo, Guano and Penipe, covering the center of the city, industrial, commercial, high traffic density and sectors directly affected by volcanic activity of Tungurahua. The method is experimental and the air quality monitoring technique is passive. The pollutant concentration records were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The concentration of NO2 (12.75µg/m3), SO2 (7.18µg/m3), benzene (7.93µg/m3), toluene (12.01µg/m3) and xylenes (1.35µg/m3), values that do not exceed the limits established in the Ecuadorian Standard or in the WHO Air Quality Guidelines. In the case of benzene, it does not exceed the annual standard of the state of California - United States, but exceeds the European Standard. The analysis carried out with passive sensors revealed the concentration levels of SO2, NO2 and BTX pollution, significant values compared to those reported in the Metropolitan District of Quito, despite the fact that Riobamba has a smaller vehicle fleet, population density and industrial activity than Quito; therefore, it is recommended that the Municipality of Riobamba continue with studies and analysis of air pollution to prevent potential health hazards for its inhabitants.