Evaluación del estado de conservación arqueológica de la red vial Nizag - Shushilcon, cantón Alausi, provincia Chimborazo

Abstract

The present research allows us to analyze the Ohapaq Ñan's road system in the Nizag-Shushilcon, this area is currently exposed to the deterioration of its archaeological heritage, mainly due to the lack of knowledge and appreciation by the inhabitants of the Nizag community about the Qhapaq Ñan declaration. Therefore, the objectives of the present investigation were: to evaluate the state of archaeological conservation of the Nizag - Shushilcon road section, and to elaborate an intervention proposal for the conservation of the archaeological heritage in Nizag - Shushilcon in Alausi canton, Chimborazo province. The methodology implemented was through the use of photogrammetric technology with RPAS, to evaluate the state of archaeological conservation. The archaeological conservation status was developed with the information obtained in the field, by completing the archaeological record of roads in Qhapaq Ñan corresponding to the INPC. In addition, the UNESCO guide for preventive conservation of archaeological structures in stone and earth of the Qhapaq Ñan was also used to elaborate the conservation proposal. By means of these methodologies, it was determined that this pathway extends a total of 2 km, showing that there is a process of deterioration due to loss and elimination of the archaeological structures of the Ohapaq Ñan, and elimination of the roadway due to natural activities such as climatic conditions, natural disasters, flora and fauna, and anthropogenic actions such as agricultural and livestock activities, negligence, etc. These agents of deterioration affect the Nizag-Shushilcon segment. In this context, to sum up, this Andean road system is exposed to the deterioration of its archaeological heritage due to lack of knowledge, by the inhabitants of the Nizag community.