Evaluación de los residuos agrícolas y de poda de la estación experimental Tunshi como sustrato para la producción del hongo ostra gris (Pleurotus ostreatus)

Abstract

At Tunshi Experimental Station, there were large quantities of agricultural and pruning residues that were not being used for any specific purpose, preventing their reintegration into the natural cycle of organic matter recycling. Therefore, the objective of this research was to evaluate the agricultural and pruning residues from the Tunshi Experimental Station as a substrate for the production of the grey oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). The methodology employed had an experimental approach of a quantitative nature, where the biological efficiency and yield of each mushroom were evaluated in relation to the substrate. Additionally, a bromatological analysis was carried out to determine the protein, fiber, and other values of the mushroom obtained in the optimal combination, as well as a qualitative analysis of the organoleptic qualities of the fruiting bodies after the preservation method. The results showed that the combination corresponding to treatment 1 (C1 25% + TC 75%) was the most efficient, with a yield of 38.97% and a biological efficiency of 77.32%. The bromatological analysis revealed that the mushroom cultivated in the optimal combination was an excellent source of protein with a content of 34.72%. Furthermore, the preservation method maintained the characteristics of the mushroom. In conclusion, it was determined that agricultural and pruning residues are a suitable substrate for the production of the grey oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus).