Evaluación del uso racional de antibióticos en el área de hospitalización del hospital básico el corazón.

Abstract

The main objective of this research study was to evaluate the rational use of antibiotics in the hospitalization area of the Hospital Básico El Corazón The irrational use of antibiotics has caused harm to patients, since it increases the rate of bacterial resistance, therapeutic ineffectiveness, and higher hospital costs, among others. A non-experimental, descriptive and cross-sectional study. The study population consisted of patients treated in hospitalization during the period June- December 2023 and proceeded in four stages: the most prescribed antibiotics were identified, the appropriate use of antibiotics was determined according to compliance with protocols and clinical practice guidelines of the Ministry of Public Health (MPH), the negative results associated with medication (NMR) were identified, which include medication-related problems (MRP), and finally, training was conducted to promote the rational use of antibiotics with health personnel. The results showed that the most prescribed antibiotics were beta-lactams (76.4%), with cefazolin (32%), amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, metronidazole (15%) and ceftriaxone (10%) standing out. Regarding the analysis of antimicrobial treatments, 103 prescriptions were made in monotherapy and 36 in combined therapy, where 70% of prescriptions did not meet the treatment criteria of the protocols and guidelines of the MPH. As for the NMRs, those related to need were prevalent (66%), highlighting untreated health problems and the effect of unnecessary drugs. Finally, staff training was conducted, showing that after the training talk there was better compliance with clinical practice guidelines at the time of prescribing. It was concluded that, there was an irrational use of antibiotics in the hospitalization area, prescriptions were not adjusted to the treatments of choice detailed in the MPH protocols.