Evaluación de las interacciones medicamentosas en el servicio de oftalmología del hospital Fibuspam.

Abstract

Drug interactions represent a significant issue in medication use, as they can alter the therapeutic effects, leading to adverse effects and compromising patient health. The aim of this study was to evaluate drug interactions in the ophthalmology department at Fibuspam Hospital during the period of May-September 2023. A descriptive, non-experimental methodology with a retrospective time frame was employed. The study cohort consisted of 230 reviewed and tabulated medical records in a digital logbook. Captured variables included gender, age, diagnosis, pharmacological treatment, and medical history. Statistical techniques such as exploratory data analysis and chi-square independence test were used for analysis, along with databases such as Lexicomp, Epocrates, Medscape, and Drugs.com to validate the presence of drug interactions. The most common diagnoses were Xerophthalmia (12.23%), Pterygium (11.17%), and Primary open-angle glaucoma (11.17%). Medications mostly prescribed according to their therapeutic group were artificial tears and other inert preparations (38.43%), antiglaucoma agents (14.93%), and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (11.56%). A total of 57 pharmacodynamic interactions were identified with 94.74% being of moderate severity and 5.26% severe. The most frequent associations were Timolol + Brimonidine (11.56%), Timolol-Dorzolamide + Timolol (5.78%), and Prednisolone + Bromfenac (2.31%). Medical history was the only significant factor in the presence of drug interactions. It is concluded that 57 drug interactions were observed in the ophthalmology department out of 171 medication combinations prescribed to patients, highlighting the importance of careful evaluation and proactive management of drug interactions in ophthalmological treatment to enhance its safety and efficacy.