Diseño de un protocolo de conciliación de medicamentos en el área de emergencia y hospitalización del hospital básico Yerovi Mackuart Salcedo-Cotopaxi.

Abstract

The main objective of this research study was to design a medication reconciliation protocol in the emergency and hospitalization area of the Hospital Básico Yerovi Mackuart Salcedo-Cotopaxi. Despite the efforts of the health system to ensure patient safety, multiple factors that harm their health have been evidenced, for example, the lack of a medication reconciliation program. A non-experimental, descriptive and retrospective study, since the clinical histories of the period June-December 2023 were analyzed. The study population consisted of patients' medical records. We proceeded in four stages: medication errors were identified in the patients' medical records, discrepancies were analyzed, a medication reconciliation protocol was developed and it was socialized with health professionals. The results showed that, when analyzing medication errors, 74.42% were due to erroneous drug information (wrong dosage form, wrong route and frequency of administration) and 25.58% were due to insufficient monitoring of treatment, with drug-drug interactions standing out. As for the discrepancies, 78.79% were justified by the initiation of new medication due to the patient's clinical situation and the medical decision to change the route of administration of a drug, while 21.21% were discrepancies that required clarification due to omission of a drug and a different route or frequency. Then, a medication reconciliation protocol was developed and socialization was carried out so that all the professionals involved acquire knowledge and responsibility for this process. It was concluded that, in the emergency and hospitalization areas of the Hospital Básico Yerovi Mackuart Salcedo-Cotopaxi. There was a high prevalence of medication errors and discrepancies, being necessary to design a medication reconciliation protocol, in order to reduce the shortcomings in the process.