Biorremediación de Vegetación Contaminada con Petróleo por Derrames en el Campamento Guarumo - Petroproduccion

Abstract

The research aims to bioremediate vegetation contaminated by oil spills in the Guarumo - Petroproducciòn camp, in order to reduce the concentration of total petroleum hydrocarbons to reach the stipulated permissible limits (RAOHE), it was carried out by applying a composting technique through biostimulation. To achieve the proposed objective, 6 treatments were carried out (T1 - T6) with 3 replicates each plus the amount of non-contaminated organic vegetable waste (75,55,45,25,35 and 65%) and the conditioner sawdust (25,45,55,75,65 and 35%), to increase microbial activity, The contaminated vegetation was distributed in equal parts (100%) in 6 biocells while it was used as a control (T7), controlled by natural attenuation, following a control of the treatments by physical-chemical and microbiological analysis every 30 days during the period November 2007-April 2008. A reduction of petroleum hydrocarbons was obtained in T1 (75% MO, 25% A) obtaining a percentage of TPH efficiency of 97.79%, Cd 63.08%, Nì 94.60% and Pb 82.58%, compared to the T7 control that obtained a percentage of TPH 8.00%; the presence of heavy metals was observed in all treatments, being in levels below the permissible limits according to the RAOHE. The bioremediation process by compost through biostimulation begins with a mesophilic aerobic value of 5.4 * 106 in the contaminated vegetation; compared to the initial sample, microbial activity increased reaching a value of 3.30 * 107, which shows that it is a good method of bioremediation of total petroleum hydrocarbons TPH, economic and feasible option for bioremediation.