Efecto de diferentes métodos de escarificación y sustratos en la propagación sexual de Caesalpinia spinosa mol. kuntze (Guarango) en el Vivero Yakitu

Abstract

In this research, the effect of different scarification methods and substrates on the sexual propagation of Caesalpinia spinosa (Molina) Kuntze in the Yakitu nursery was evaluated. 36 experimental units were used that were established in two platforms with a dimension of 1 x 10 m., the size of the experimental unit was 20 m2 suitable for the propagation of the guarango, a Completely Randomized Block Design was applied under a bifactorial arrangement, which had 9 treatments and 4 repetitions, for which the responses of the effect of the assigned treatment. For the analysis and significance testing, analysis of Variance, Tukey's test and Friedman's test were carried out. The results obtained in this research demonstrated a greater influence at 30 days using mechanical scarification, achieving an outstanding germination percentage of 98.67% after sowing and a survival of 97.33% at 30 days after emergence. In the vegetative evaluation, the best results were at 120 days, with the best treatment being T4 (Mechanical scarification + 40% black soil + 40% sand + 20% humus), giving a value of 70.5 for the number of leaves. 10.6 cm plant height and 0.4 cm diameter at neck height (DAC). In the evaluation of the economic analysis, 5078.08% was determined for T1, the highest value being established outside the range, unlike T4 with 43.65%, a value was found below the lower value of the rule considered for its interpretation in this research. It was recommended to socialize and monitor Caesalpinia spinosa plantations to guarantee sustainable cultivation and conservation of the ecosystems where they are located, as well as the active commitment of local communities and farmers for the long-term success of these initiatives.