Evaluación del uso de medidas de restablecimiento de las propiedades fisicoquímicas del suelo perturbadas por la actividad ganadera en el área de cobertura del sistema de riego Coop. Santa Teresita

Abstract

The study was focused on evaluating measures to restore the physicochemical properties of the soil affected by livestock activity in the coverage area of Santa Teresita Cooperative irrigation system, in San Juan village, Riobamba canton. To this end, a geospatial baseline was prepared with a GPS survey of the lots, a sampling grid and 284 samples were taken. Variables such as pH and compaction were sampled, and the data were used to produce maps by interpolation and classification. Priority areas were identified by overlay and organic, chemical, mechanical and integrated amendments were selected to improve the soil. These amendments were implemented in seven plots, measuring variables periodically for 5 months. The evaluation of soil physicochemical properties reveals that 63.38% of the samples present a neutral pH, while 33.1% exhibit acidic levels. In addition, a moderate level of compaction was observed in 60.92% of the samples. The guinea pig manure amendment was the most effective in adjusting pH, with an increase of 10.72%, while the aeration amendment using a roller aerator significantly reduced soil compaction by 20.27%. Integrated amendment 2 stood out as the most effective for both variables. Finally, a technical guide was prepared for the transfer of the validated technologies to improve the soil in the irrigation system in Santa Teresita cooperative. The results indicate that both individual and integrated amendments are viable options to improve soil physicochemical properties.