Determinación de las características sensoriales, fisicoquímicas y microbiológicas de la leche cruda almacenada, en el cantón Quijos, provincia de Napo

Abstract

The objective of this research was to determine the sensory, physicochemical and microbiological characteristics of raw milk stored in the Quijos Canton, Napo Province, evaluating the sensory, physicochemical and microbiological characteristics, which were distributed in a completely randomized simple design and descriptive statistic, the experimental units were 1 L of milk from the respective C-A. Sampling for the physical-chemical analysis, the containers were prepared and labeled with a code, then 1 L of milk was collected, which was divided into 250mL for the physical-chemical analysis and the remaining for the microbiological and antibiotic analysis. Once the samples were transported to the laboratory, we proceeded according to the established biosafety standards. The assessment obtained through the application of the check list showed a high percentage of compliance in the six collection centers and a low percentage due to the lack of traceability and infrastructure. On the other hand, transportation complies with the requirements. The sensory characteristics of the stored raw milk complied with INEN 2012 standards in terms of appearance, smell and color. The contents of fat, protein, total solids, density, non-fat solids, acidity and the antibiotic test are within the permissible limits, while in Cryoscopy it was established that only the C-A2 milk complies with the requirement. The microorganisms count exceeds the permissible limits for Mesophilic aerobic bacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, Staphylococcus Aureus and Somatic cell count. In the identification of microorganisms, three strains of the Enterobacteriaceae family were obtained, which correspond to the species Escherichia coli, Pseudomona auroginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae, present in the collection centers.