Determinación de la dosis óptima de nitrógeno para cuatro materiales de cebada maltera (Hordeum vulgare l.), en la Estación Experimental Tunshi, Riobamba, Chimborazo

Abstract

The aim of this research was to determine the optimum dose of nitrogen in four malting barley materials (Hordeum vulgare L.), located at Tunshi experimental station. The methodology implemented was a Randomized Complete Block design with a bifactorial structure with 3 replications; factor A being malting barley materials (2IK16-0812 , 2IK16-0710, 2IK16-0671 , ABI-Voyager) and factor B nitrogen fertilization dose (0,30,60,90,120 kg N.ha-1) applied fractionally at sowing ;30% and at thinning: 70%. The 5% Tukey test was used for statistical analysis. Yield, number of tillers.m2-1 and number of ears.m2-1, % caliper, % severity of net blotch, ear length, days to thinning, days to heading, days to flowering, days to grain filling, days to physiological maturity, thousand grain weight, hectoliter weight, number of grains per ear and plant height were evaluated. The results indicated that a supply of nitrogen increases yields until reaching their agricultural optimum, being the barley material 2IK16-0671 with a dose of 90 kg N.ha-1, the one that reached the best yields with 6159.76 kg. ha-1, presented a higher number of tillers.m2-1 (821), number of ears.m2-1 (713), caliber (97.53 %), a higher benefit-cost ratio ($ 2.26) and a lower number of days to reach physiological maturity (118 days). Therefore, it is suggested to use barley line 2IK16-0671 with doses of 90 kg N. ha-1 to obtain the best yields and quality for the brewing industry.