Implementación de los principios de Lean manufacture, JIT, 5 S, 7 desperdicios, en el control y monitoreo del prototipo de ensamblaje de buses.

Abstract

The educational modules on phosphating, washing and painting, assembly, evaluation, and classification of bus body frames identified the absence of lean manufacturing principles in process control and monitoring. Therefore, the objective of this technical project was to determine the principles of lean manufacturing, JIT, 5S, and the seven wastes to improve the performance, control, and monitoring of the educational stations. An evaluation of different tools and technologies available on the market was carried out, followed by an analysis of the current state of the educational modules. Emitter-receiver photoelectric sensors were selected for signal acquisition and communication with the PLC WECON. These sensors were placed in the output of the first station, in the input and output of the second station, in the input and output of the third station, and in the input of the fourth station; the receiver sensors are located in the outputs of each station, and the emitter is located in the input of each station, With the placement of these sensors, it was possible to implement lean Manufacturing principles, as well as control and monitoring throughout the entire process. Tests of functionality and connectivity were carried out on each sensor, and normality was measured using IBM SPSS Statistics tools. The results showed a significant improvement in the assembly process; assembly times decreased significantly, and production increased considerably in the didactic module. Finally, the effectiveness of the implemented system was demonstrated in terms of efficiency and accessibility in the control and monitoring of the didactic module by facilitating decision-making and improving the assembly process.