Evaluación de las características agronómicas de 5 clones del cultivo de papa (Solanum tuberosum l.) en el sector Nitiluisa, cantón Riobamba, provincia de Chimborazo

Abstract

This investigation aimed to evaluate the agronomic characteristics of five clones of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Nitiluisa sector, Riobamba canton, Chimborazo province. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) with five treatments and three replications was used. This trial permitted to identify that clone 12-4-35 presents better agronomic characteristics evaluated in relation to productivity. Regarding the variable yield, this clone reached better results with 49 tubers per plant of 1.85 kg, which on average are tubers of 6 to 9 cm in length, commercially profitable and preferred by consumers at national level. According to the phytosanitary status, treatment C5 (11-9-91) had greater problems in terms of late blight (Phytophthora infestans) with an incidence percentage of 25.27% and a severity of 28.10%, causing a notable damage to the plant. Similarly, the percentage of damage caused by thrips (Frankliniella tuberosi) importantly affected the different clones of the potato crop. Finally, the economic analysis was carried out for each of the treatments using the B/C ratio, where the treatment C2 (12-4-35) had a ratio of 2.10, which is profitable and economically stable, since for each dollar invested a profit of one dollar and 10 cents was obtained for the farmer, unlike the treatment 11-9-91, which had significant losses of 0.22 cents for each dollar invested.