Evaluación del uso de medidas de restablecimiento de las propiedades fisicoquímicas del suelo perturbadas por la actividad ganadera en el área de cobertura del sistema de riego San Juan Zambrano-Chimborazo

Abstract

The surface layer of the soil houses grasslands which are a source of food for livestock and vegetal cover for the edaphic resource, intensive agriculture and excessive livestock activity are the primary causes of the loss of the physicochemical properties of the soil, especially the pH and compaction. This represents a loss of the productive ecosystem in areas of high agricultural production. For this reason, the objective of the research is to evaluate the use of measures to restore the physicochemical properties of the soil disturbed by livestock activity in the coverage area of San Juan Zambrano-Chimborazo irrigation system. This study was initially carried out with the survey of a baseline of the pH variables and compaction of the entire irrigation system which, with the help of georeference applications and specialized equipment, made the obtaining, comparison and studied of the different level of pH and compaction found, so the results were intended to reverse the deficient levels that were found in the irrigation system through the use of amendments, thus carrying out tests which determine the most efficient amendments for these problems. Through the study, a knowledge transfer manual was prepared with recommendations for each type of pH and possible compaction in a soil, in order to reach various areas where technology is not essential. As a result, it was determined that the chemical amendments generated more efficient results in restoring the pH. While, in compaction, the mechanics showed promising results, thus reversing the high measurements found. We conclude that the present work can help productive activities in Andean areas, in addition to the fact that the manual is didactic in nature, it generates favorable results in the application of knowledge.