Evaluación del uso de medidas del restablecimiento de las propiedades fisicoquímicas del suelo perturbada por la actividad ganadera en el área de cobertura del sistema de riego Guillermo Rodríguez Lara

Abstract

47% of the Ecuadorian territory corresponds to livestock activity, influencing the economic and productive sphere of the country. Livestock waste releases pathogens and excess nutrients into the soil, and constant trampling leaves porous soil. The objective of this research work is: to evaluate the use of measures to restore the physicochemical properties of the soil disturbed by livestock activity in the coverage area of Guillermo Rodríguez Lara irrigation system. For the development of the proposed topic, a period of 12 months was established, in which 6 were for the location of the study area, zoning and sampling and the remaining 6 months for analysis, treatment and amendments. Field trips were carried out in the irrigation areas of San Juan canton, to obtain GPS points, zone by hectare and carry out soil sampling for its respective pH (hydrogen potential) and compaction analysis. Finally, clock and shock penetrometers were used to carry out a compaction analysis and a pH meter was used to help to verify the acid levels of the soil. Once the methodological process was done, treatments were carried out for soils with damaged pH such as: lime, biol and humus. Minimum tillage amendments, biochar and sawdust were used for compaction. It was revealed that, in terms of pH, lime is the best treatment for the restoration of an acidic soil and as for biochar, it helps to obtain better penetration for compaction.