Caracterización de la microcuenca San Sebastián, afluente del Río Guano, del cantón Guano, provincia de Chimborazo.

Abstract

In San Sebastián micro-basin, there are no studies and there is little description in the Development and Territorial Planning Plan of the canton, which results in poor management of the water resource, causing flooding in the central streets of the Matriz parish of Guano Canton. For this reason, the objective of this work is to characterize the San Sebastián micro-basin, a tributary of the Guano River, in the Guano canton, province of Chimborazo. The methodology implemented had a mixed approach, a non-experimental cross-sectional design was used, because data on the current state of the microbasin was analyzed; The delimitation of the microbasin was carried out through GIS ArcGis 10.5, with the ArcSwat tool based on the Digital Elevation Model (DEM), determining the information on the different morphometric parameters of the shape, relief and drainage of the microbasin under study. To characterize the response capacity of the microbasin to precipitation, the Hydrological Engineering Center-Hydrological Modeling System (HEC-HMS) program was used, entering the determined parameters. As a result, the microbasin has an area of 9,292km2, a perimeter of 23,737km, being considered an elongated microbasin prone to conservation and low susceptibility to floods, from the analysis of the hypsometric curve it was determined that it is in a stage of development intermediate, characterized as a mature river, from the HEC-HMS modeling its net precipitation was 2,5 mm, while its infiltration precipitation was 2,25 mm, it presented a highest discharge peak of 0,3 m3/s. Thus concluding that the characterization of San Sebastián microbasin helped in the management process, environmental mitigation plan and efficient use of the economic resources of the microbasin.