Desarrollo de un instrumento autosustentable para la medición indirecta y registro de datos de irradiancia solar basado en sensores de silicio.

Abstract

The present Curricular integration research project aimed to develop an autonomous instrument for indirectly measuring solar irradiance from silicon sensors. Through laboratory tests, using a precision digital solar power meter model SM206-SOLAR, with an error range of ±10% per reading and ±0.38% W/m^2/^oC, and advanced photovoltaic trainer Lucas Nulle, a statistical correlation model was developed between the short-circuit current of the NPA5S-12H solar module and the measured artificial irradiance. A significant linear correlation was determined with a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 6.97%, an average root-mean-square error (RMSE) of ±26 W/m^2/^oC and a percentage relative root mean squared error(rRMSE) of 10.76%. The error metrics indicate that the linear model developed is acceptable for real-time collecting information on solar irradiance. For this, an electronic device with wireless communication functions based on a Wi-Fi link and IoT MQTT communication protocol was developed, in addition to self-sustaining power with energy autonomy of 7 days, a charge rate of 1.05%, and a discharge rate of 0.57. %. Finally, an MQT, SQL server, and a Web application were configured on a Linux server under the domain http://solardata.espoch.edu.ec to collect and present data in real-time. It is concluded that the device developed and the linear model developed to carry out the indirect measurement of solar irradiance and the Web application will allow the collection of more reliable and first-hand data for future research. It is recommended to perform a better I-V characterization of the solar irradiance sensor under controlled conditions and to explore other photovoltaic cell modeling techniques to correlate the data obtained to get lower error rates.