Diseño e implementación de un sistema de monitoreo de colmenas de abejas melíferas basado en IoT con aplicación móvil en Pungal San Pedro, cantón Guano.

Abstract

A monitoring system for honey bee hives based on IoT with mobile application was designed and implemented in an apiary from Pungal San Pedro community, located in Guano canton. The curricular research work was divided into three stages: data acquisition and sending, information storage, and remote monitoring. The first consists of acquisition and data sending nodes that contains five blocks: sensors, information processing, visualization and warning, wireless communication, and autonomous power supply. These nodes record the brood chamber temperature and relative humidity values, and the hive total weight; these data are sent to the cloud using GSM/GPRS technology, achieving the system's adaptability to IoT. In the second stage, the obtained information is stored in a database, created in Firebase. Final stage involves remote monitoring by the beekeeper through a mobile application with multiple features, developed in Android Studio. The prototype presents energy autonomy, also the modular design is scalable. Different parameters of the constitutive stages of the project and the fulfillment of the stated requirements were evaluated. Sensor block elements validation was established through measurement accuracy and repeatability tests. Autonomous power supply block examination showed a 23 hours energy autonomy generation after 12 hours of sunlight exposition. Integrity testing verified that there were no data losses during the process. It is recommended to study the system radiation effect on the honey bee population.