Evaluación de los impactos ambientales asociados al uso de los recursos naturales de las chacras familiares de la asociación de mujeres sembrando futuro de la comunidad San Bartolo, parroquia Nuevo Paraíso - cantón Francisco de Orellana

Abstract

The main objective of this Curricular Integration work was to evaluate the environmental impacts associated with the use of natural resources of the family farms of the Sembrando Futuro Women's

Association of the San Bartolo community. The methodology was carried out through techniques and instruments such as interviews, questionnaires, field visits for the collection of information, review of current regulations and evaluation of the modified Leopold matrix. The results obtained in the in-situ evaluation indicated that the main function of the family farms of the vegetable component is 63% food, 20% medicinal, 4% ornamental, 6% agroforestry and 7% construction. In addition, through the application of the Leopold coded matrix it was identified that the environmental impacts are negative for water and soil of severe importance, and for flora and fauna of moderate importance. Additionally, the analysis of rainwater determined that dissolved oxygen, nitrites, iron, manganese, and sulfates are at very low levels within the parameters allowed by current regulations. Also, the composition of the soil has pH levels of 6.6 to 6.7 in farms 1, 3 and 5, being practically neutral soils and family farms 2, 4 and 6 have a pH of 6.3 to 6.4, are slightly acid soils, however, macronutrients such as phosphorus, sulfur, calcium, and organic matter are outside the permissible limits of current regulations, damaging the growth of the plant, low fruit production and lower resistance to pests and diseases. Finally, it is recommended to train the families of the Association of Women Sembrando Futuro on the management of good agricultural and environmental practices that allow the conservation and management of natural resources through permaculture in the community of San Bartolo