Rediseño de la planta de tratamiento de agua residual en la parroquia Alshi/9 de Octubre en la provincia de Morona Santiago

Abstract

The main objective of the current research work was to redesign a wastewater treatment system for Parroquia Alshi/9 de Octubre, located in Morona Santiago Province. The research began with the characterization of the wastewater by analyzing the physicochemical and microbiological parameters that is why ten parameters were analyzed: (temperature, pH, total solids, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, nitrates, phosphates, oils and fats, fecal coliforms and turbidity) through the methodology established by the "Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater". The sizing was carried out by taking the flow rate on the days with the highest plant production; as well as wastewater samples at the arrival and at the discharge point toward the receiving body for proper characterization obtaining the parameters outside the standard, with the following values: total coliforms 7800 UFC/mL; fecal coliforms 8000 UFC/mL; DQO 266. 8 mg/L; oils and fats 23 mg/L; DBO5 134 mg/L; total solids 1704.8 mg/L; nitrates 10.94 mg/L; sulfates 1186.2 mg/L. After that, it carried oud treatment tests determining that the most appropriate treatment is to use residual chlorine because it is easy to acquire and low cost. It was concluded that the wastewater treatment plant at Parroquia Alshi/9 de Octubre should have the following treatment units: an inlet channel, grids, sand trap, grease trap, drying bed pond and a chlorination tank, besides a system that allows the physical-chemical and microbiological parameters to be within the permissible limit established by the TULSMA. Finally, it is recommended to carry out the physical-chemical characterization of the wastewater, as well as the continuous measurement of the flow rate to obtain more detailed information in order to determine the correct operation of the sediment treatment system.