Evaluación de la contaminación acústica en el terminal terrestre intercantonal de la ciudad de Riobamba

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the noise generated in the Inter-cantonal Bus Station of Riobamba, explicitly produced by the users and the transport company present, using the measurement of sound pressure levels, and identifying and representing using thematic cartography the points of critical affectations that are subjected to noise pollution, thus demonstrating whether or not it complies with the maximum noise emission levels for fixed sources of noise. The methodology established according to Ministerial Agreement 097 A (2015), Book VI, Annex 5, was applied, in which the noise emitting sources, critical points of affectation, and high points of a sound pressure level in the perimeter of the source were considered. Fixed noise and land use where it is located. Monitoring was carried out according to the 15-second method, taking into account six critical points of involvement, during a week at three times: 07:00 a.m., 12:00 p.m. and 5:00 p.m.; In addition, for their respective analysis, the minimum sound pressure level, maximum sound pressure level, and the equivalent sound pressure level of each point were reported. It concluded that in the 07h00 period, high noise levels are usually generated, ranging between 62.4 dB(A) and 75.8 dB(A), due to the high volume of users and the noise of the motor of the vehicle fleet, thus overcoming the 55 dB(A) that are considered as the maximum noise emission level for fixed sources of noise with mixed land use during daytime hours established in the Ministerial Agreement. It is recommended during the measurement to move at least one meter away from the sound level meter to avoid interference and errors in data collection.