Análisis climatológico de la microcuenca del río Chibunga mediante un balance hídrico

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the climatological state of the Chibunga river micro- basin, for which a water balance was carried out based on hydrometeorological information, making use of historical records with a period of 30 years, it was processed using specialized software, Obtaining the catchment flow of the basin and therefore the water supply, in addition from population and endowment data it was possible to infer the demand for water in the area, these two parameters are crucial to determining the scarcity index in the basin of the river and thus estimate the amount of water that the area has. The records of the meteorological stations were provided by the National Institute of Meteorology and Hydrology and completed through statistical and mathematical operations in the R programming language, processed in ArcGis10x, for which the data was divided into three periods, the first from 1990- 1999, the second from 2000 to 2009 and the last from 2010 to 2020. As a result of the study, it was observed that, although the weather patterns of the micro-basin are well marked and did not present changes in the temporality in any of the calculated parameters, the quantities varied between periods. Consequently, the supply and demand of water and the index of scarcity did too. The area's scarcity index was determined once the water supply and demand were obtained, which changed over time as the population increased. The amount of helpful rain in the micro-watershed decreased. A non-significant scarcity index to a moderate one was obtained between the first and second periods, concluding the third with a moderate index. Hence, its value between periods was from 8.81 to 16.79%.