Caracterización y plan integral de manejo de residuos sólidos en la cabecera parroquial “el ideal” del cantón gualaquiza

Abstract

This study aimed to propose a Solid Waste Integral Management Plan for El Ideal parish center of Gualaquiza canton, so that an environmental diagnostic was created based on the technical documentation provided by the Decentralized Autonomous Governments (DAG): parochial and municipal. A representative sample for the surveys was obtained with reference to 34 homes, as well as per the waste characterization process. The dwellings were selected through a mere random sampling, considering only a social class of the parish center, as it is a small rural area and shows uniform characteristics. The method applied for the characterization process was the same as the one in the Pan-American Center for Sanitary Engineering and Environmental Sciences (CEPIS) proposed by Dr. Kinutoshi Sakurai, where there were determined the per capita production (PCP), density and composition for the waste sampled during eight consecutive days. The recollected residues were transferred to the landfill site of Gualaquiza canton, where they were weighted; density and secretion were determined. It was known the composition, by obtaining the PCP of 0,31 kg/hab/day, composed by: organic waste 62,22 %; plastic 14,69 %; bath wastes 13,38 %; paper and cardboard 3,39 %; other residues 1,86 %; glass 1,65 %; textile 1,47 %; metals 1,14 %; and dangerous residues 0,19 %; which represent all together a density of 172,06 kg/m3. A Solid Waste Management Plan was designed, which comprehends six programs that will help the precaution, ranking, exploitation and the evaluation, final treatment and regulation of the residues produced in the parish center, reducing the environmental impact and promoting the harmonious development in the parish center. It is recommended to implement the current Solid Waste Integral Management Plan coordinated with the authorities, residents with the purpose to reach the goals proposed.