Estudio comparativo entre la composición vegetal y los nutrientes del suelo del herbazal de páramo y herbazal inundable de páramo perteneciente a la zona de pantzarumi cantón Salcedo del parque nacional Llanganates

Abstract

The aim of the research was to carry out the comparative study between the plant composition and soil nutrients of the Páramo grassland and Páramo wetland located in the Pantzarumi area, Salcedo County, belonging to Llanganates National Park, this was carried out through the application of alpha diversity indices statistical analysis as well as the use of the Past program. For this, two permanent 6 x 6 x 6 m study transect quadrants with a Y form were installed in the area using the GLORIA method, which provided qualitative and quantitative information. Plant samples were also collected from each section to identify family, genus and species in the herbarium of the ESPOCH. In addition, it was necessary to use bibliographic review. The botanical inventory of the first plot included a total of 18 families, 40 genera, 45 species and 9,236 individuals. Asteraceae and Poaceae families were the most dominant. Regarding the individuals distribution per specie, Montia fontana L was the most numerous of all the species found. Plot two, contained a total of 13 families, 32 genera, 35 species and 3131 individuals. Asteraceae and Poaceae were also identified as the dominant families. The species identified with the highest number of individuals was Huperzia Crassa. It was concluded that the area presents a medium diversity according to Shannon and a high diversity according to Simpson's dominance index, the coefficient and percentage of similarity between the different study areas is medium. The chemical analysis of the soil allowed observing differences between the soils of the grassland and wetland. The soil of the páramo wetland has a higher nutrient content than the soil of the páramo grassland. Soil DNA studies were recommended in order to identify microorganisms involved in the adaptation, survival and development of plants in the Páramo.