Evaluación del efecto hipocolesterolémico del extracto etanólico del fruto de bactris gasipaes en rattus norvegicus con dislipidemia inducida

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the hypocholesterolemic effect of the ethanolic extract of Bactris gasipaes (peach palm) fruit by inducing dyslipidemia in Rattus norvegicus. Tests were carried out to determine the quality of the raw material: moisture, ash, total solids, refractive index, pH. Various phytochemical screening tests were used to identify the secondary metabolites present in the species. The extraction of secondary metabolites was done by means of the maceration method with organic solvents with subsequent concentration and lyophilization. The quantification of total cholesterol levels of Rattus norvegicus was done by means of the medical equipment Q.Check LPTs, being the reference value of 44-88 mg/dL. Two repetitions were performed to obtain the results of each test. In the induction of dyslipidemia in the rats, a high-fat diet with coconut oil and milk was used. For the preparation of the treatments, 50% propylene glycol was used and three different concentrations of the extract were generated at 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg, comparing them with atorvastatin 10 mg/kg. For the statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA), the MiniTab tool was used. It was evidenced that the crude vegetable matter had a good quality, while the processing and storage conditions of the ethanolic extract were adequate; it was also observed that the albino rats presented an increase in body weight with the implemented diet and a decrease of this in conjunction with the levels of serum total cholesterol. It was observed that the group treated with doses of 100 mg/kg had a greater hypocholesterolemic effect, with a similar effectiveness of atorvastatin, which was used as a positive control group. Further studies on the lipid profile of Bactris gasipaes species are recommended.