Prevalencia de hemoparásitos y factores de riesgo en bovinos mestizos, en la parroquia Unión Milagreña

Abstract

Diseases caused by hemoparasites in cattle directly affect the animal's condition, triggering characteristic symptoms such as anemia, fever, anorexia, and jaundice, directly affecting the animal's health and production. The present study was carried out in the province of Orellana, Joya de los Sachas, Unión Milagreña parish, and its objective was to determine the prevalence of hemoparasites (Anaplasmosis, Babesiosis, Trypanosomiasis) and risk factors in mestizo cattle. For this purpose, 112 blood samples were randomly collected from 9 herds, without distinction of sex, age, or breed. Laboratory diagnosis was performed by blood smear microscopy and Wrigth staining. At the same time, an epidemiological questionnaire was applied to obtain information on aspects such as production and management systems. The results obtained in this research indicated that in the Unión Milagreña parish, the total prevalence of the disease was 1.78 percent, with bovine anaplasmosis (Anaplasma marginale) being the only disease identified from the sampling of 112 animals. Likewise, this study showed that there is a higher prevalence in animals younger than 1 year old, males and Holstein and Mestizo animals. Therefore, age, sex, breed and level of nuchal and tick infestation have been determined as risk factors in the study area.