Evaluación del uso racional de antibióticos en el área de emergencia y hospitalización del Hospital Básico Moderno, Riobamba

Abstract

The objective of this research was to evaluate the rational use of antibiotics in the emergency and hospitalization area of the Modern Basic Hospital of Riobamba during the period June-August 2022. A descriptive and retrospective study was done, in which 76 medical histories of patients who met the established inclusion criteria were analyzed. A data collection sheet was designed using Microsoft Excel 2021 for its tabulation and analysis. In the results, the age range between 20-35 years (39.5%) stood out, presenting a higher prevalence in diagnoses such as cholelithiasis, pregnancy, abortion, diarrhea/gastroenteritis and acute appendicitis. It was also evidenced that the most prescribed antibiotics were: cephalosporins (cefazolin with 27.4%), followed by imidazoles (metronidazole with 11.9%), penicillins (ampicillin + sulbactam with 9.9%) and fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin with 6 ,3%). Six possible drug-related problems (DRP) were detected, of which 83.3% corresponded to DRP of inappropriate dose, regimen and/or frequency as the most prevalent problem and the remaining percentage corresponded to drug interactions. In addition, 2 suspicions of negative results associated with the use of medications were identified, evidencing the RNM of quantitative insecurity. It is concluded that in 27.6% of the MH of patients the proper management of the therapeutic protocols was not done, which could cause problems for the patient, so it is recommended that the members that are part of the health team perform the correct use of therapeutic protocols to guarantee the health of patients.