Desarrollo de un simulador de propagación 5G-New Radio para la ciudad de Riobamba utilizando ray tracing basado en Unity.

Abstract

The objective of the thesis work was to develop a 5G New Radio propagation simulator for the city of Riobamba using Unity-based Ray Tracing. The simulator was created to analyze effectively how signals propagate, considering complex interactions with obstacles and the surrounding environment. The content covers a detailed exposition of Unity as a versatile platform that extends beyond 2D and 3D game development, venturing into virtual and augmented reality, simulations, and interactive visualizations applicable in various industries, including telecommunications. The integration of Riobamba's urban configuration into Unity was carried out using the MapBox tool. This involved data transformation, model and texture optimization, and adjustments to lighting and physical aspects. Power measurements conducted at the Faculty of Informatics and Electronics of the Polytechnic School of Chimborazo (ESPOCH) for frequencies up to 20 GHz yielded results influenced by variables such as antenna type, location, and propagation conditions. These results, in turn, provide valuable information for decision-making regarding network design and planning, thanks to the comprehensive analysis of signal behavior in real-world situations. The comparison between measurements and simulations reinforces the reliability of the simulator, demonstrating its effectiveness in accurately representing signal propagation in various frequency configurations. This solution has allowed for a detailed representation of interactions between signals and various elements of the urban environment, such as buildings, streets, and obstacles. Furthermore, this tool enables the visualization of how signals propagate and facilitates the assessment of their impact on coverage and signal quality.