Mejora de los módulos de simulación de fallas de ejes y poleas del rotor kit del laboratorio de diagnóstico técnico y eficiencia energética de la Facultad de Mecánica-ESPOCH

Abstract

The purpose of this Curricular Integration Work is to improve the failure simulators because these presented high levels of unwanted vibrations, a product of the misalignment combined with the lack of parallelism of the surfaces, making the correct alignment process difficult, causing the data obtained in the modules do not have reliability. Therefore, this work aims to improve the shaft and pulley failure simulation modules of the Mechanics Faculty Technical Diagnostic and Energy Efficiency Laboratory. To achieve the objective of this work, an initial technical diagnosis of the existing modules was carried out by performing shaft alignment tests and vibration analysis using equipment such as the SKF TKSA 11 aligner and Vibrachek 200, where parallel misalignment of 0.26 mm and angular 0.94 mm/100 were also found. In addition, high levels of unwanted vibrations with amplitudes between 4,745 and 11,853 mm/s and an increased severity level of 44,376 mm/s were found. Calculations were carried out for the selection of the elements for the redesign of the modules. In addition, design software was used to size the components to be used in the construction and assembly of the modules. After carrying out the functional tests of all the modules, the results were below the limits of parallel misalignment of 0.04 mm and angular misalignment of 0.06 mm/100. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that when the modules worked at a shaft rotation frequency of 25 Hz, the high levels of vibrations and severity decreased between 0.160-1.573 mm/s and 0.84 mm/s, respectively. In this way, it is concluded that the improvements made to the modules reduced the high levels of unwanted vibrations, allowing the different practices to be carried out without another failure mode appearing.