Implementación de un sistema seguidor fotovoltaico según el nivel de radiación para el edificio administrativo de la carrera Mantenimiento Industrial

Abstract

In today's world, the growing demand for electrical power and the use of fossil fuels, which harm the environment, have underscored the need for alternative energy sources such as solar energy. Photovoltaic systems are often designed using hypothetical data generated by open-source software. Therefore, this research aims to implement a solar tracking system to measure solar radiation levels on the administrative building of the Industrial Maintenance school at Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, located in Riobamba, in 2023. The methodology employed in this study adopts a comparative and quantitative approach. We used a PM800 module to measure the daily energy consumption in the administrative area. Subsequently, solar charts were consulted to estimate the potential solar energy that could be harnessed. Finally, a two-axis solar tracker was constructed to follow the sun's path, optimizing the orientation of a 54 x 52 cm solar panel. This tracker was controlled by a program developed in LabVIEW and installed on a NI- myRIO data acquisition card. In summary, concerning luminosity, measurements with the mobile sensor indicated higher values than those obtained from the stationary sensor, both on sunny and cloudy days. However, this difference is not considered significant, as the analysis only regarded visible light and did not consider other parts of the electromagnetic spectrum, such as ultraviolet, infrared, microwave, and X-rays. Regarding energy production, it was observed that the average energy generated over nine days was 1284.42 W/m²/day, significantly surpassing the expected average of 687.62 W/m²/day. This represents an impressive 87% increase in energy utilization