Diseño e implementación de un dispositivo GPS de bajo costo con alta precisión, basado en técnicas de corrección de errores en tiempo real.

Abstract

An electronic global positioning device has been developed based on real-time error correction techniques. The positioning signals were taken from the satellites of the NAVSTAR, GPS, GNSS systems. For the signals' reception, a base station composed of two physical blocks was implemented: mobile station block and post-processing block. The communication between the blocks was conducted by serial communication through the UART interface of the development card. The information was processed in the first instance in the mobile station using the RTCM protocol of type 2.3 to correct errors, and later with the Raspberry Pi free hardware platform, within the post-processing block, the valid NMEA frames with GGA format are received. The information was averaged through a statistical method every 1 second to obtain greater precision at each point of the route traced. The conversion and conditioning of the information is carried out using the Python programming software, where a script that contains the positioning information in latitude and longitude format is stored to be later viewed through a GUI developed in Java. Points and routes plotted by the device are distributed in KML format for optimal viewing. It was concluded that the development of a device with low cost comes to have high reliability and precision in georeferencing when applying error correction techniques in its configuration, and high compatibility between microcontrollers and free boards hardware development make it easy to obtain the information. It is recommended to work in Hertz as frequency values for data acquisition every second and evaluate the device in explicit urban scenarios.