Diseño e implementación de un controlador de carga para optimizar un sistema de generación fotovoltaico aislado de la red utilizando un microcontrolador.

Abstract

The objective of this research project was to implement a load controller to optimize a stand-alone isolated from the grid photovoltaic system, using a microcontroller. Relevant information was collected from research carried out in Ecuador, which allowed to determine that the appropriate controller depends on the photovoltaic system to be used. For the implementation of the load controller itself, it was necessary to calculate the energy demand for the loads to be connected, the power of the photovoltaic array, and the battery bank. In order to measure energy parameters, current and temperature sensors and voltage dividers were used. A Wifi module was used to tabulate data and send it to the Ubidots server. With the implementation of the load controller, an efficiency result of 94.4% was obtained. It was concluded that the implementation of the load controller optimized the stand-alone isolated from the grid photovoltaic system given that commercial controllers have an efficiency value of between 80 to 90%. If the load controller is required for use with voltage higher than 12 volts, the redesign of the components, initially the voltage dividers are recommended.