Determinación de la prevalencia de Helicobacter pylori y sus factores de riesgo en niños de edad escolar de la unidad educativa simón rodríguez, de la parroquia Licán (Riobamba)

Abstract

The aim of this research work was to determine the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori and risk factors in school-aged children (6-1 l years) of the Unidad Educativa Simon Rodriguez during the academic period September 2021-July 2022, analyzing the socioeconomic risk factors, sanitary conditions, age, gender, diet, these ones associated with the development of Helicobacter pylori infection, determining the antigen in school-aged children, using the immunochromatography technique and correlating the presence of Helicobacter pylori and risk factors by fecal antigen detection test, the study had a non-experimental design because no variable was manipulated, that is to say, it was only determined whether or not the participants had the infection, in addition, the possible risk factors associated with H. pylori infection were analyzed; this research work was cross-sectional and the variables relationship was analyzed at a specific time, documentary and field type, the population consisted of 436 students. As a result, it was obtained that the prevalence of H. pylori infection is 49%, having the highest prevalence the male gender with 56%, and 44% corresponding to the female gender, two of the risk factors involved in the development of the infection were the poor sanitary conditions and poor quality drinking water. It was concluded that 45 of 91 students who were part of the study, got positive for the infection corresponding to 49%, while the number of negative cases was 46 children corresponding to 51%. It is recommended that children who tested positive for H. pylori infection attend a medical check-up, where they will be treated in order to prevent clinical complications caused by this bacterium.