Prevalencia de alteraciones tiroideas en pacientes atendidos en el laboratorio Moya Espín de Píllaro en el año 2021

Abstract

The main objective of this research study was to determine the prevalence of thyroid disorders in patients treated at the Moya Espín laboratory. This study was quantitative, non-experimental, correlational and retrospective with a sample of 438 laboratory tests of patients between 0 and 80 years of age during the period January-December 2021. With the information collected from the Orion software, demographic data (age, gender, and residence), laboratory tests (TSH, FT3, and FT4), and comorbidities were obtained. Subsequently, a data matrix was made in Microsoft Excel 2016 which was divided into 4 age groups according to the MSP (Ministry of Public Health), then for the identification of thyroid alterations, it was based on reference values from the Moya Espín Laboratory and the clinical criteria of the American Thyroid Association. Finally, for the inferential analysis, thyroid abnormalities were correlated using the SPSS software with gender, age, demographic zone, and comorbidities. The results obtained show that 28.1% of the total population has thyroid disorders, 19.7% are women and 8.4% are men. Subclinical hypothyroidism is the most prevalent alteration in 13.7%, secondary hypothyroidism in 5.7%, primary hypothyroidism in 4.4%, primary hyperthyroidism in 1.59% and subclinical hyperthyroidism 2.73%, concluding that the most prevalent alteration is subclinical hypothyroidism in 13.7 % in women between 20-69 years old located in the rural area of Píllaro, glucose alteration being the main comorbidity presented by patients with a total of 20 cases. It is recommended to add to the study an Antiperoxidase (Anti-TPO) test to detect autoimmune thyroid diseases such as Hashimoto Syndrome.